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Poor Sleep Quality in Persons Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Lilian Raquel Alexandre Uchôa, Maria Da Conceição Dos Santos Oliveira, Antonio Uelton De Araújo Da Silva, Vivian Saraiva Veras, Danilo Ferreira De Sousa, Vanessa Emille Carvalho De Sousa Freire, Maria Aparecida Alves De Oliveira Serra, Márcio Flávio Moura De Araújo

Aim: To review and meta-analyze poor sleep quality in persons living with HIV. Method: Using the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we extracted information from studies about poor sleep quality in persons with HIV. Most studies adopted a cross-sectional design. Data were extracted on study details, eligibility, and results. Results: We identified seventeen papers from five of which we calculated effect sizes. There was evidence of a relationship between HIV and occurrence of poor sleep quality. However, further studies are needed on variables that affect sleep quality to clearly explain the differences between good and bad sleepers. Conclusion: This review has shown that people with HIV are vulnerable to poor sleep quality. The main factors related to this phenomenon are use of antiretroviral medications and psychological problems such as anxiety, depression and stress.