Khadeeja Yasmeen
Background: Use of microorganisms for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles is in the limelight of modern nanotechnology. It is emerges as an ecofriendly and exciting approach, for production of nanoparticles due to its low energy requirement, environmental compatibility, reduced costs of manufacture, scalability and nanoparticle stabilization compared with the physical and chemical synthesis. Biologically synthesized metal nanoparticles are the most efficient miniaturized functional materials that are constructed and engineered to exert specific functions with enormous ability.
Methods: Microorganisms have this extraordinary capacity to form such exquisite nanostructures. This research work reports the biological synthesis of zinc oxide and lead nitrate nanoparticles by using microbes. Microbes play direct or indirect roles in several biological activities because metals present on earth are in constant association with biological components.
Discussion: In the present study, reported microbial synthesis of nanomaterials utilizes of biological components, primarily prokaryotes and eukaryotes such as bacteria and fungi (Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger). Both bacterial and fungal cell mass were challenged with two different chemical salts (ZnO, Pb(NO3)2) and metal nanoparticles were synthesized effectively. Furthermore, the antimicrobial potential of zinc and lead nanoparticles was systematically evaluated.
Results: The synthesized nanoparticles could efficiently inhibit various pathogenic organisms, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. The bactericidal effect of zinc and lead nanoparticles were compared based on diameter of inhibition zone in agar diffusion assay, disc method tests and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).
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