Abstrakt

Biogas Technology in Current Indian Scenario as Applicable to its Production, Maintenance and Utilization of the Slurry as Organic Manure after its Enrichment

Jyothilakshmi R

The gas which is produced by the anaerobic digestion of organic waste material is known as biogas. This gas is highly inflammable. It is also known as marsh gas and popularly called as gobar gas. Biogas is mainly a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide. In addition a small amount of hydrogen and a trace amount hydrogen sulphide and ammonia may also exist. Based on the nature of feeding biogas plant would be broadly divided into 3 types namely Batch type which is the one in which the organic waste materials to be digested under anaerobic condition are charged only once into a container which may be called as digester and no more feeding will be there till the end of operation. Semi continuous type in which a predetermined quantity of feed material mixed with water is charged into the digester from one side at specified interval of time say once a day and the digested material equivalent to the volume of the feed flows out of the digester from the other side. The digestion volume remains always constant and third type which is continuous type in which the feed material is continuously charged to the digester with simultaneous discharge of the digested material. Current study deals with the design of an operating and maintenance of the digester for the smooth operation and efficient gas production. The procedure is designed thorough study of the bio digester at different loading conditions. It also deals with the importance of biogas slurry as an organic fertilizer which is a byproduct of bio gasification and its utilization. Enrichment and application of biogas slurry as manure. In Indian scenario, Biogas can be a substitute for dung and firewood and it can meet the rural energy demand and also become a clean source of energy. It is a renewable energy source and can become a replacement for natural gas and Liquid petroleum gas. Different tests that can help in accessing biogas as a contender for new generation energy source are controlled cooking test, kitchen performance test, boiling test etc. 1.0 m3 of biogas is equal in energy content to 1.7 L of bioethanol, 0.97m3 of natural gas and 1.1 L of gasoline.